Natural Law
(This is inspired by an article by James Taranto called "What Went Wrong With Human Rights?" The original Wall Street Journal article is paywalled, but it isn't too hard to find the full text of the article elsewhere.) Conservatives generally are big believers in natural law. It was a given for most of the founders, and it serves to underpin the fact that people have rights ("natural rights") that are prior to government. These rights aren't granted by government, and therefore can't be taken away from them. All the government can do is to secure the rights, or, as the case sometimes is, not secure them. The idea of natural law is a very old one and is based on the principle that reason dictates certain rules -- for example, that one person may not harm another without cause. On the other side is "positive law," which consists of agreements made by people, such as laws passed by a legislature or a treaty agreed between nations. Most ...